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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(supl.1): S75-S89, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138651

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En Chile, los efectos maternos y perinatales de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 son aún desconocidos. GESTACOVID es un estudio multicéntrico que incluye embarazadas y puérperas hasta el día 42 con COVID-19. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar un informe preliminar, describiendo el impacto de la enfermedad en las embarazadas, factores de riesgo asociados y resultados perinatales. MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohorte descriptivo que incluye 661 pacientes enroladas entre el 7 de marzo y el 6 de julio de 2020, en 23 centros hospitalarios del país. Se analizaron variables demográficas, comorbilidades, características clínicas y del diagnóstico de COVID-19 y resultado materno y perinatal. RESULTADOS: Las pacientes hospitalizadas por COVID-19 tuvieron mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial crónica [10% vs 3%; OR=3,1 (1,5-6,79); p=0,003] y de diabetes tipo 1 y 2 [7% vs 2%; OR=3,2 (1,3-7,7); p=0,009] que las pacientes manejadas ambulatoriamente. Un IMC >40 kg/mt2 se asoció con un riesgo dos veces mayor de requerir manejo hospitalizado [OR=2,4 (1,2 - 4,6); p=0,009]. Aproximadamente la mitad de las pacientes (54%) tuvo un parto por cesárea, y un 8% de las interrupciones del embarazo fueron por COVID-19. Hasta la fecha de esta publicación, 38% de las pacientes continuaban embarazadas. Hubo 21 PCR positivas en 316 neonatos (6,6%), la mayoría (17/21) en pacientes diagnosticadas por cribado universal. CONCLUSIONES: Las embarazadas con COVID-19 y comorbilidades como diabetes, hipertensión crónica y obesidad mórbida deben ser manejadas atentamente y deberán ser objeto de mayor investigación. La tasa de transmisión vertical requiere una mayor evaluación para diferenciar el mecanismo y tipo de infección involucrada.


INTRODUCTION: In Chile, effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women are unknown. GESTACOVID is a multicenter collaborative study including pregnant women and those in the postpartum period (until 42 days) who have had COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to report our preliminary results describing the clinical impact of COVID-19 in pregnant women, the associated risk factors and perinatal results. METHODS: Descriptive cohort study including 661 patients between April 7th and July 6th, 2020, in 23 hospitals. Demographical, comorbidities, clinical and diagnostic characteristics of COVID-19 disease and maternal and perinatal outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital were more likely to have chronic hypertension [10% vs 3%; OR=3.1 (1.5-6.79); p=0,003] and diabetes type 1 and 2 [7% vs 2%; OR=3.2 (1.3-7.7); p=0.009] than those with outpatient management. A body mass index of >40 kg/mt2 was associated with two-fold higher risk of hospitalization [OR=2.4 (1.2-4.6); p=0.009]. Almost half of patients (54%) were delivered by cesarean section, and 8% of the medically indicated deliveries were due to COVID-19. So far, 38% of the patients are still pregnant. Among 316 newborns, there were 21 positive PCR tests (6.6%), mostly from asymptomatic mothers undergoing universal screening. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women with COVID-19 and comorbidities such as diabetes, chronic hypertension and morbid obesity need a close follow up and should be a matter for further research. Vertical transmission of COVID-19 should be thoroughly studied to define the mechanisms and type of infection involved.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pandemics , Outpatients , Signs and Symptoms , Pregnancy Outcome , Comorbidity , Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Chile/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/statistics & numerical data , Critical Care , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Betacoronavirus , Hospitalization , Hypertension/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(supl.1): S101-S105, set. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138654

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las alteraciones del perfil hepático durante el embarazo ocurren en 3-5% de las gestantes. Una nueva etiología que se ha presentado en el contexto de pandemia actual es el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo relacionado con el nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Éste es responsable de alteraciones hepáticas en 2 a 11% de la población general infectada por este virus, y de hasta un 30% en las embarazadas que se infectan con SARS-CoV-2. Con el objetivo de mostrar una presentación poco frecuente del SARS-CoV-2 se expone un caso clínico de elevación de transaminasas en embarazada inducida por este nuevo virus. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 36 años, cursando embarazo de 20+6 semanas, consulta por dolor abdominal asociado a ictericia y coluria. Se solicita estudio donde destaca elevación de transaminasas. Ecografía abdominal con vía biliar fina. Se descartan diferentes etiologías de hepatitis aguda y crónica (dada la falta de antecedentes). Finalmente se solicita PCR para COVID-19 que resulta positiva. CONCLUSIÓN: Luego de un estudio exhaustivo de diferentes etiologías de elevación de transaminasas, se atribuye esta alteración enzimática a SARS-CoV-2. Se decide seguimiento ambulatorio estricto con pruebas hepáticas cada dos semanas. La paciente evoluciona estable con exámenes normales luego de un mes desde que se indica el alta hospitalaria. Después de descartar etiologías frecuentes de elevación de transaminasas durante el embarazo, sugerimos solicitar el estudio de este virus con PCR para COVID-19, ya que podría ser una presentación poco frecuente de SARS-CoV-2.


INTRODUCTION: Approximately 3-5% of women present alterations of hepatic enzymes during pregnancy. Under the new circumstances that the world is facing with the SARS-COV2 pandemic, a new etiology for hepatic enzyme alterations has risen. The severe acute respiratory syndrome that the novel coronavirus causes is responsible for hepatic enzyme alterations in 2 to 11% of the sick population that did not have a previous underlying hepatic condition. Furthermore, hepatic enzyme alterations in pregnant women infected with SARS-COV2 presents in up to 30% of the cases. An infrequent presentation of SARS-COV2 is presented as our clinical case. CLINICAL CASE: A 36-year-old patient with a 20+6 week pregnancy presents abdominal pain, jaundice and choluria. General blood workup shows elevated transaminases. The abdominal ultrasound revealed a thin bile duct. Acute and chronic hepatitis etiologies were discarded. Finally, a PCR of COVID-19 was solicited, which turned out to be positive. CONCLUSIÓN: After an exhaustive study to determine the etiology of the elevated transaminases, the hepatic alterations were attributed to SARS-COV2 infection. A conservative management was adopted, with outpatient follow-up with liver testing every two weeks. The patient progresses with a stable steady decline in hepatic enzyme levels, and one-month post hospital discharge, her transaminases had reached normal values. Based on this clinical case, after ruling out frequent etiologies for elevated transaminases during pregnancy, it seems reasonable to request a PCR for COVID-19, since it could be a rare presentation of SARS-CoV-2.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/enzymology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/etiology , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Betacoronavirus , Pneumonia, Viral/enzymology , Transferases/analysis , Coronavirus Infections/enzymology , Alkaline Phosphatase/analysis , Pandemics , Jaundice , Liver Diseases/enzymology , Liver Diseases/etiology
3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-198567

ABSTRACT

Introduction: MBBS is a dream to cherish for all students. It is a course which is respected globally. Medicalcourse is perceived as stressful by many of the undergraduates all over the world. They join the course at an earlyage without awareness of the details of curriculum, the approaches to be followed for theoretical understandingand acquiring practical skills and developing right attitude to be a good humane doctor.Aims and objectives: To know the awareness of MBBS students about their knowledge of it as a profession andtheir attitude to know the surrounding atmosphere and approach of students while pursuing the course.Material and methods: This is a retrospective, observational study started after taking the approval of InstitutionalEthical Committee of Government Medical College, KADAPA. The material for the study consisted of volunteersfromfirst year MBBS students of Government Medical College, WHO gave an informed consent to express their ideasfor the Questionnaire.Results: Students gave their answers to the questionnaire voluntarily and the answers are noted in a table. Mostof the people had no awareness of the MBBS degree till they entered the course and feel MBBS is tough andexpressed thatthey want good surroundings and circumstances to study the course.Discussion: Most of the students did not complete their teenage when they have taken the decision to join MBBScourse. They had decided even during their schooling,inspired by school teachers and medical college faculty.They are interested in games and felt the subjects are tough and still want to study.Their concentration in classesis 75-100% and they want to read daily but are getting disturbed by various problems. They even have a dream todo super specialty and a small group want to participate in research.Conclusion: The present study facilitates faculty in understanding the interests of students, circumstances forunder performance in examination and their problems. This provides for designing a teaching method to explainthe subject in an understandable way and for developing newer teaching and learning techniques.

4.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 12(2): 65-71, dic. 2012. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-704378

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en conocer el proceso de tratamiento de terapia ocupacional en las áreas de consultorios externos de reumatología e internación de Clínica Médica y Unidad de terapia intermedia del Hospital Tornú. Metodología: estudio descriptivo y comparativo, observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, cuantitativo; instrumento: fichas de registro de evaluación y evolución internas de la Residencia. Resultados: la intervención más prevalente fue: uso terapéutico de las actividades y ocupaciones con un 41,04 por ciento en internación y 47 por ciento en reumatología. Entre estos se destacan las métodos preparatorios con un 56,33 por ciento en internación y un 84,7 por ciento en reumatología. Se observó diferencia significativa en la interconsulta con 28.32 por ciento en internación y 5 por ciento en reumatología. Por último, el motivo de alta más frecuente en internación fue alta médica con el 56 por ciento (n:43), seguido de cumplimiento de objetivos con el 16, 4 por ciento (n: 10), y el menos frecuente fue negativa con el 1,6 por ciento (n: 1). En reumatología solo se registraron dos motivos abandono de tratamiento con el 65 por ciento (n: 43) y cumplimiento de objetivos con el 34 por ciento (n: 22). Conclusiones: la intervención que más prevaleció en ambas áreas se debe al gran porcentaje de métodos preparatorios, siendo mayor en reumatología dado que éstos se vinculan con el alivio sintomático. La interconsulta no se realizó con la frecuencia necesaria que requiere la complejidad del paciente agudo, por lo que consideramos relevante plantear estrategias de comunicación con el equipo.


The aim of this study is to know the process of occupational therapy treatment given to rheumatology outpatient, and Clinical and Medical Intensive Care Unit inpatient of Tornú Hospital. Methodology: descriptive, comparative, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and quantitative instrument; Residence registration evaluation forms and internal evolution. Results: the most prevalent intervention was the therapeutic use of occupations and activities with 41.04 percent in inpatient and 47 percent in outpatients (rheumatology). Among these the preparatory methods are highlighted in both areas with a 56.33 percent in inpatients and 84.7 percent in outpatients (rheumatology). A significant difference was found in interconsultation with a 28.32 percent in inpatients and 5 percent in outpatients (rheumatology). Lastly, the most frequent reason for discharge from occupational therapy treatment in inpatients was clinical discharge with 56 percent (n = 43), followed by goal achievement 4 percent (n = 10), and the least frequent was denial to receive treatment 1, 6 percent (n = 1). Only two reasons were identified in rheumatology: non-compliance with treatment 65 percent (n = 43) and goal achievement with 34 percent (n = 22). Conclusions: the most prevalent intervention in both areas is due to the large percentage of preparatory methods used, being higher in rheumatology since these are associated with symptomatic relief. The interconsultation was not performed with the frequency required by the acute patient´s complexity. According to these results we consider relevant to develop new communication strategies with the team.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Disease/rehabilitation , Rheumatic Diseases/rehabilitation , Intensive Care Units , Occupational Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Acute Disease/epidemiology , Rheumatic Diseases/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Patient Discharge , Patient Dropouts , Prevalence
5.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 72(2): 145-150, ago. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-651898

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La medición de la discapacidad vocal en los pacientes con disfonía funcional es un tema de gran relevancia. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de dos medidas subjetivas (el índice de discapacidad vocal (VHI) y el índice de calidad de vida (QLI)) y calcular el grado de discapacidad que suponen las disfonías funcionales para los pacientes. Material y método: Sesenta y cinco pacientes diagnosticados de disfonías funcionales contestaron un cuestionario que incluye el índice de discapacidad vocal y el índice de calidad de vida. Resultados: Encontramos un grado importante de discapacidad reflejado por unos valores elevados del VHI (55,74), sus tres subescalas (orgánica (24,82), funcional (19,28) y emocional (11,65) y del QLI (11,42). Discusión: Se realiza una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, constatando la escasez de estudios sobre la discapacidad que producen los trastronos vocales y se comparan nuestros resultados con los de otros autores. Conclusión: La presencia de disfonías funcionales supone una discapacidad importante a nivel de las actividades sociales y laborales del paciente y un impacto emocional considerable.


Introduction: Functional dysphonia is a major issue. Aim: To analyse the results of two subjective measures (Vocal Handicap Index (VHI) and Quality Life Index (QLI)) and to calculate the impact that functional dysphonias suppose for the patients. Material and Method: 65 patients diagnosed of functional dysphonia answered a questionnaire that includes the Vocal Handicap Index and the Quality Life Index. Results: We found an important degree of handicap indicated by high values of the VHI (55,74), of its three subscales (organic (24,82), functional (19,28) and emotional (11,65)) and of the QLI (11,42). Discussion: We made a wide literature review, noting that there are a few studies of the handicap of voice disorders; and compared our results with those of other authors. Conclusion: The presence of functional dysphonias supposes an important level of handicap in the patient's social and laboral activities and a considerable emotional impact.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Voice Disorders/complications , Dysphonia/complications , Quality of Life , Voice Disorders/therapy , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(4): 255-258, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656339

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar las complicaciones asociadas a la miomectomía laparotómica y a la embolización de las arterias uterinas en mujeres con miomas sintomáticos. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo restrospectivo efectuado en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo desde el año 2008 al 2010. La población en estudio la conformaron aquellas mujeres sometidas a una miomectomía laparotómica o a una embolización de las arterias uterinas. Se recopilaron las complicaciones registradas en las historias clínicas de las pacientes tras las técnicas. Resultados: La tasa de complicaciones en el grupo de las pacientes sometidas a miomectomía fue de 15,2 por ciento; las más frecuentes fueron fiebre, anemia, necesidad de trasfusión y hematoma subcutáneo. La tasa de complicaciones en el grupo de embolización fue de 4,5 por ciento recogiéndose casos de síndrome postembolización, mioma parido y un caso de histerectomía. Conclusión: La adecuada indicación de cada técnica es fundamental para tener una baja tasa de complicaciones. Se debe tener en cuenta la sintomatología, tipo y número de miomas, edad y deseo genésico de cada paciente.


Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the complications after laparotomy myomectomy and uterine artery embolization in women with symptomatic uterine leiomyoma. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study of patients who were treated with embolization and myomectomy for leiomyomas from 2008-2010. Complications were measured. Results: The rate of complications collected in the myo-mectomy group was 15.2 percent; there were cases of fever, anemia, need for transfusion and subcutaneous hematoma. The rate of complications collected in the embolization group was 4.5 percent; there were cases of embolization syndrome, transcervical fibroid expulsion and a case of hysterectomy. Conclusion: The suitable indication of every tecnic is fundamental to have a low rate of complications. It is necessary to bear in mind the symptomatology, type and number of myomas and age and reproductive desire of each patient.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Uterine Artery Embolization/methods , Leiomyoma/therapy , Uterine Neoplasms/therapy , Clinical Evolution , Uterine Artery Embolization/adverse effects , Fertility , Length of Stay , Leiomyoma/surgery , Uterine Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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